Knowledge Base Articles

Privacy-enhancing technologies (PETs) are tools that enable entities to access, share, and analyze sensitive data without exposing personal or proprietary information.

The European Union’s proposed Space Act systematically disadvantages U.S. satellite companies through gerrymandered regulations designed to protect EU competitors while undermining American technological leadership in the rapidly evolving space economy.

South Korea’s export controls have emerged as a trade barrier for U.S. technology firms like Google and Apple, both of which have submitted applications to export 1:5,000 scale map data.

South Africa’s aggressive use of competition law to impose mandatory payments, algorithmic changes, and operational requirements on U.S. technology platforms systematically undermines American competitive advantages.

Nigeria’s Data Protection Act 2023 systematically undermines U.S. technology leadership by forcing American companies to transfer valuable technical capabilities to local entities through restrictive data transfer requirements that compress innovation cycles and erode competitive advantages.

South Africa’s digital merger guidelines systematically disadvantage U.S. technology companies by forcing mandatory notifications for transactions that fall below standard thresholds, creating regulatory barriers that divert resources from innovation while enabling smaller competitors to expand unencumbered.

Saudi Arabia’s data transfer restrictions systematically disadvantage U.S. technology companies by mandating costly compliance mechanisms and creating legal uncertainty that erodes American competitive advantages in cloud computing and digital services.

Canada’s cross-border data transfer requirements systematically disadvantage U.S. technology companies by forcing costly infrastructure fragmentation that undermines the economies of scale and innovation capabilities that drive American tech leadership.

Indonesia’s Government Regulation No. 71 of 2019 (GR71) systematically disadvantages U.S. technology companies through mandatory registration requirements, government access provisions, and complex cross-border data transfer restrictions that force American firms to divert resources from innovation to compliance.

Vietnam’s new VAT law doubles the tax rate on foreign digital platforms from 5 to 10 percent, systematically increasing compliance costs for U.S. technology companies operating without permanent establishments in the country.