
Fact of the Week: R&D Investment Is Slowing in OECD Countries, From 3.6 Percent to 2.4 Percent
Source: Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), OECD Science, Technology and Innovation Outlook 2025(Paris: OECD, 2025), 16-21.
Commentary: Despite the critical role that science, technology, and innovation (STI) policies play in spurring economic growth and responding to international crises, investment in research and development (R&D) has been slowing in recent years. Fiscal pressures from rising national debt and inflation have driven policymakers to favor policies with short-term gains over long-term sustainability, thereby reducing the attractiveness of STI policies such as R&D investment. Between 2022 and 2023, R&D investment in Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) nations grew by 2.4 percent, a slowdown from the 3.6 percent growth the previous year. On the other hand, China, which is not an OECD nation, experienced an 8.7 percent growth in gross R&D investment. Research investment as a share of gross domestic product (GDP), otherwise known as R&D intensity, stood at 2.7 percent in 2023, with low growth rates across several OECD nations, including the United States (1.7 percent) and the EU (1.6 percent).
