Taking more science classes in secondary school increases the student’s probability of enrolling in a university STEM program by 1.5 percentage points, writes John Wu in Innovation Files.

Innovation Fact of the Week: Students Are More Likely to Pursue STEM Degrees in College If They Are Exposed to More Science Subjects During High School

According to a new study, foreign inventors facilitated native-born inventors, rather than crowding them out. Controlling for city size, a 10 percent increase in the number of patents filed by immigrants increased the number of patents filed by natives in in their respective cities by 4 percent.

Fact of the Week: Between the 1850s and 1920s, Increases in Patents Filed by Immigrants Led to Increased Patent Filings by Native Residents

When the federal government committed $500 million to invest in a Manufacturing Innovation Institute, non-governmental entities pledged twice as much, writes John Wu in Innovation Files.

Innovation Fact of the Week: When the Federal Government Committed $500M to a Manufacturing Innovation Initiative, Industry and Academia Threw in $1B More

Debates over drug pricing often consider the impacts on health and innovation, but rarely examine the costs those drugs offset. According to new research examining drug releases for 67 diseases across 15 countries in the three decades from 1982 to 2015, these offsets are dramatic.

Fact of the Week: New Drugs Led to 163 Percent Fewer Days of Hospital Care in 2015

Emerging technologies promise to bring about a new production revolution that will increase welfare throughout society, but it is expected to have the largest impact on low-productivity jobs. This could increase the proportion of high-paying and high-productivity jobs, but it also threatens a larger disruption to society, as lower-skill workers have more difficulties changing industries.

Fact of the Week: 72 Percent of Jobs Created in the U.S. from 2010 to 2016 Were Below Average in Both Compensation and Productivity

With proposals to ban everything from private cafeterias to electric scooters, cities like San Francisco have been lashing out at tech workers, because the popular perception has been that they drive up prices of everything, especially housing, for everyone else around them. But to the extent that these cost-of-living increases are real and intrinsic to the tech sector, they are more than outweighed by the improved wages the tech industry generates.

Fact of the Week: A 10 Percent Increase in Tech Employment Increases a City's Wages for Other Jobs

The future of medicine lies in better understanding the human genome and how our bodies function at the most basic level, and that requires reliable and inexpensive genome sequencing. Technological breakthroughs, such as fluorescent labelling and programs capable of reconstructing smaller DNA fragments, massively decreased costs of a full genome sequence to from $300 million in 2000 to $1,500 in 2016.

Fact of the Week: The Cost To Sequence a Human Genome Decreased More than 99.999 Percent Between 2000 and 2016

If U.S. corporations brought back all their profits, labor productivity would have been 5.1 percent higher in R&D intensive industries and 4.5 percent higher in IT-intensive industries in 2014, writes John Wu in Innovation Files.

Fact of the Week: Labor Productivity In 2014 Would Have Been 5 Percent Higher If All Us Corporations Fully Repatriated Their Overseas Profits

As EU aging populations grow faster than their workforce, up to 70 percent of aging-society initiatives in the EU are enabled by information technologies, writes John Wu in Innovation Files.

Fact of the Week: Up to 70 Percent of Aging-Society Initiatives in the EU are Enabled by Information Technologies

Immigrants, whom make up about 14 to 15 percent of the U.S. population, have an outsized role in entrepreneurship, starting over 20 percent of new businesses in America.

Fact of the Week: Over 20 Percent of New Businesses in the United States Are Started by Immigrants

Starbucks cafes establish a location for networking and have a substantial effect on entrepreneurship, leading to an increase of new businesses from 5.5 percent to 13.6 percent.

Fact of the Week: Opening a Starbucks in Neighborhoods With No Existing Coffee Shop Leads to an Increase in Local Entrepreneurship 

According to a recent paper, between $84 billion and $188 billion could be saved in public health expenditures between 2022 and 2050 by prohibiting the sale of new combustion-powered vehicles. However, these impacts can only be fully realized if electricity is powered by low-emitting sources, such as renewable energy, hydrogen, and nuclear power.

Fact of the Week: Discontinuing Combustion Vehicle Sales Could Save up to $188 Billion in Health-Care Costs

In the United States, micro, small, and medium-sized enterprises are just 47 percent as productive as large firms, compared to 60 percent in other advanced economies.

Fact of the Week: US Small Businesses Are 47 Percent as Productive as Big Businesses

Data from the National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics shows that 13.7 percent of firms who use artificial intelligence experienced an increase in total employment.

Fact of the Week: Over 13 Percent of Firms That Use Artificial Intelligence Have Expanded Their Workforce

A recent paper found that rising foreign competition increased concentration among U.S. firms from 1992 to 2012 but overall concentration, which includes foreign firms competing in U.S. markets, remained unchanged.

Fact of the Week: Tensions Have Led to a 3.7 Percent Decline in the Probability of Chinese Students Enrolling in a US PhD Program

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Innovation Fact of the Week: Students Are More Likely to Pursue STEM Degrees in College If They Are Exposed to More Science Subjects During High School

Fact of the Week: Between the 1850s and 1920s, Increases in Patents Filed by Immigrants Led to Increased Patent Filings by Native Residents

Innovation Fact of the Week: When the Federal Government Committed $500M to a Manufacturing Innovation Initiative, Industry and Academia Threw in $1B More