Skip to content
ITIF Logo
ITIF Search
Fact of the Week: University Patents Underpinned 50 Percent of FDA-approved Drugs

Fact of the Week: University Patents Underpinned 50 Percent of FDA-approved Drugs

November 3, 2025

Source: Kevin Gardner and Michael Kinch, “We Set Out to Quantify U.S. Academic Contributions To Medicines. The Results Stunned Even Us,” STAT10, June 6, 2025.

Commentary: Universities have become an engine for innovation in the United States, conducting research that has become the backbone of American advanced industries, including the pharmaceutical industry. Throughout the 20th century, private firms held the majority of patents and were responsible for most innovations that occurred in the pharmaceutical industry. However, the Bayh-Dole Act of 1980 changed the status quo for American innovation, enabling universities to retain patent rights to inventions developed with federal funding. Since the Act was passed, universities have played a growing role in supporting innovation in the pharmaceutical industry, with 50 percent of FDA-approved drugs today relying on (at least some) applied research originating in universities.

Back to Top